Editorial standards

Every claim on this site is written from a fetched primary source: FDA documents pulled directly from fda.gov, study abstracts fetched from Europe PMC and PubMed, registry records from ClinicalTrials.gov, and chemistry from PubChem. Each claim lives in a machine-readable ledger entry carrying its source URLs, the fetch method, a verbatim supporting extract, and the date fetched (2026-08-14 for this edition). Claims are graded (human-rct, human-observational, animal, in-vitro, absence-of-evidence, regulatory, expert-panel, preprint) and every evidence-grade chip must match its source's actual study type. Where studies used a lookalike compound (AHK-Cu, PC1031, copper-free GHK), the row says so in a dedicated compound column.

Reader-facing links go to Europe PMC abstract pages, FDA pages and documents, ClinicalTrials.gov and PubChem. We cite no blogs, no vendor pages and no secondary summaries as evidence. Reviews are labeled as reviews, and reviews authored by the field's originating researcher, who held commercial interests in copper peptide products, carry that provenance note wherever cited. One preprint is cited for consumer vial quality and is labeled not yet peer reviewed. Claims of absence (no injectable human trials, no serum RCT, no human PK) cite archived searches with recorded queries and hit counts, never memory.

The pack records its build date (2026-08-14) and every page displays its last-verified date. We re-verify the regulatory rows whenever FDA updates the 503A category document or safety-risks page, and at minimum around the announced PCAC window (before the end of February 2027). New studies enter the table with the same grading discipline; the phase 2 wound-gel trial (NCT07437586) is on our watchlist.

If any claim on this site does not match its cited source, tell us at the contact address on this page and we will correct it, log the correction with a date, and note it in the ledger entry. The claims ledger makes every assertion checkable; we consider a documented mismatch a defect, not a difference of opinion.